Crowd and cloud enabled virtual reality distributed location network

ABSTRACT

A virtual reality network provides access to a number of virtual reality representations, each virtual reality representation representing a location in a virtual universe and defined by VR data stored on the network. The VR data can be in a simplified data format. A database stores the network address and the location in the universe of each virtual reality representation. A database server provides access to the database. The database server generates a list of locations in response to a location query from a visitor, and provides the network address of the virtual reality representation of a selected location. A visitor connects to the database server with a client host to visit the locations in the virtual universe.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This patent application claims priority to and the benefit of U.S.Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/786,581 filed Mar. 15, 2013entitled, “Crowd and Cloud Enable Virtual Reality Distributed LocationNetwork,” the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of Invention

The present invention relates generally to computer-generated virtualreality representations of locations. Specifically, the presentinvention relates to automatically using a smartphone or tablet or othercomputing device for imaging capability and Geo Location (GPS)capability to store, organize, and then provide access to a number ofvirtual reality representations via a computer network.

2. Description of the Related Art

Virtual reality (VR) models and simulates views from a location invirtual space. The visitor perceives the view from virtual space on acomputer monitor or specialized display, and experiences “movement” bychanging position or orientation within the virtual space. The visitormay even be “teleported” to different points in the virtual space.

Although recognized as having substantial potential, virtual reality hasremained limited mainly to computer games and expensive trainingsimulations. As explained below, virtual reality representations model asingle virtual space, and authoring virtual reality representationsrequires specialized computer programming or graphics skills. Thesefactors have hindered broader adoption of virtual reality.

A virtual reality representation models a single volume, area, or pointwithin virtual space. The representation may model physical space, suchas a location or region on the Earth, or may model imaginary space in avideo game. The visitor can move around in the virtual space, but islimited to remaining in that virtual space.

Two authors may create virtual reality representations of the samelocation, or of related locations. These representations may exist ondifferent websites, servers, or computers. There is no comprehensive wayof organizing or searching these representations and offering them tothe user so that they may be logically viewed together.

In particular, U.S. Pat. No. 7,298,378, Virtual Reality UniverseRealized as a distributed location network, issued Nov. 20, 2007 byHagenbach et al shows that the representations be connected together ina way that enables the visitor to experience both representations. Forexample, U.S. Pat. No. 7,298,378 shows if the locations modeled the samephysical location, the visitor could choose which representation toexperience. If the locations modeled adjacent physical locations, thevisitor could experience moving from one virtual location to another.This creates a “virtual universe” made of separate virtual realityrepresentations that can be toured by visitors.

Even if representations generated by different authors can be logicallyconnected together in a virtual universe, there remains an additionalneed to simplify authoring of virtual reality representations. Theprogramming and graphic skills required by conventional VR softwaremakes creation of virtual reality representations a relatively complexand expensive process. The easier and faster virtual realityrepresentations can be created, the easier and faster a rich and variedvirtual universe can be created and offered to visitors.

Today, smartphones are prevalent among billions of users and almost allof them have both GPS, imaging and recording capability. Manysmartphones have auto cloud storage of images and recordings as well, asa free or paid for service. These cloud storages are local and access isprovided only to the user. Also, there is not representation of theseimages to take a “journey” that relates to the physical trip taken, thatis, photos are usually grouped by time, catergories and file folders.Some smart cameras store photos by geolocation and even render thesephotos for selection based upon a map. However, given the tremendousamount of data taken, there is no virtual reality database that allowsaccess, by geo location based upon a crowd source. That is, pictures aregeo located and are collected by multiple authors.

There are some companies, like Google, that create a VR world likeGoogle Earth. Google Early allows a user to travel and see picturestaken either from satellite or from images taken by Google using itsautomobile data collection systems. However, such systems depersonalizethe experience by having a structured viewing process. In a true VRuniverse, many views from many authors would provide for a more richexperience.

Thus there is a need for logically connecting virtual realityrepresentations together to form a virtual universe where images takenby users can be automatically added to the VR universe. Therebyexpanding the VR universe exponentially and making the VR universeinfinitely more useful. In addition to conventional virtual realitysoftware, a simplified method of creating virtual reality presentationsis needed to encourage creation of the virtual universe.

There also exists a need to create a more rich experience for VRvisitors, wherein anyone can add to the VR universe.

SUMMARY OF THE CLAIMED INVENTION

The invention is a network capable of connecting virtual realityrepresentations together to form a virtual universe. The virtual realityrepresentations can be in a simplified virtual reality format thatrequires no special computer programming or graphics skills to create.

A network in accordance with the present invention includes a number ofvirtual reality representations, each virtual reality representationrepresenting a location in a virtual universe and defined by VR datastored on the network at a network address. Each representation is takenfrom a crowd user and automatically stored by geo location based uponthe GPS reading of the computing device, preferably a smartphone ortablet that took the image.

A database stores the network address and the location in the universeof each virtual reality representation. A database server providesaccess to the database. The database server generates a list oflocations in response to a location query from a visitor, and providesthe network address of the virtual reality representation of a selectedlocation.

The visitor connects to the network using a client host adapted tocommunicate with the domain server. The host receives data representingthe network address of the VR data server associated with a selected VRrepresentation. The host is also adapted to communicate with the VR dataserver to access the VR data set defining the VR representation.

In using the network, the visitor is preferably presented with a mapdisplaying locations in the virtual universe. Each location isassociated with a virtual reality representation accessible through thenetwork. The visitor selects a location on the map he or she desires tovisit. The domain server receives the selected location and retrievesfrom the database the network location of the data server providingaccess to the selected virtual reality representation. The domain servertransmits the network address of the data server to the host, and thehost communicates with the data server to receive the VR data definingthe virtual reality representation.

The authors of the data can enable a program running in the backgroundof their device to automatically send any picture the author decides tothe cloud for storage.

In one possible embodiment, the client host includes a monitor thatdisplays both the map and the virtual reality presentation generatedfrom the VR data. In other possible embodiments the virtual realitypresentation can utilize specialized hardware separate from the mapdisplay.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the network stores datarepresenting paths in the virtual universe. A path is defined by atleast two different locations in the universe. When the domain serverreceives a message from the host requesting virtual movement from afirst location to a second location, the domain server communicates thenetwork address of the data server associated with the second locationto the host. The host then communicates with that data server andtransitions from the first VR presentation to the VR presentation of thesecond location. The visitor perceives a substantially continuousmovement along the path from the first location to the second locationwithout leaving the virtual universe.

In one embodiment, the use or visitor can also see, for any location, ifthere are multiple images at different times. The visitor can take atime travel journey if there are multiple images of the same location atvarious times.

In another embodiment, the user or visitor can see a map of a journey ata particular time, in that the some locations may or may not have imagesat a given time.

Paths can be defined in different ways in alternative embodiments of thenetwork. The domain server can store predefined path definitions bystoring a list of the locations defining the path. Alternatively, thedomain server stores a data record for each location in the universe.The data set records the adjacent locations in the universe to define apath from each location to adjacent locations. In other alternativeembodiments the path is defined in response to system events and thenmade available to the user.

The network preferably includes administrative software that enables newvirtual reality representations to be added to the network. The virtualreality representations can be stored on existing data servers on thenetwork, or stored on data servers that are themselves added to thenetwork. The database is updated to reflect the new locations in thevirtual universe and the network addresses of the data servers accessingthe representations.

In one advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the virtualuniverse is divided into public and private regions. Any author can addto the network a virtual reality representation of a location in thepublic region of the universe. Only authorized authors can addrepresentations in private regions of the universe.

In one embodiment, a crowd user or visitor can automatically select aphotograph to be sent to the cloud for storage at the correct geolocation dataset. The crowd user or visitor can make the image public orprivate. When the crowd user becomes a visitor, they may elect to see apublic data set, but also, they are the only visitor that can see theirprivate dataset.

In another advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the networkis operated as a self-regulating virtual reality universe. The networkpreferably provides visitor access to a number of virtual realityrepresentations, each authored by a different author. The domain serverreceives ratings from visitors to the quality of the virtual realityrepresentations they visited, and assesses the quality of each virtualreality representation based on the ratings provided by the visitors.

Action is then take regarding a virtual reality based on the assessedquality of the virtual reality representation. The quality can be ratedas a running average of visitor ratings. If the rating falls below apredetermined score, visitor access to the representation can be removedor the representation can be removed from the network. Preferably theaction is taken automatically and without human intervention so that thenetwork is self-regulating.

To simplify creation of virtual reality representations, the VR data canbe stored in a simplified file format that stores digital photographstaken from a specific geographic location. An author takes a number ofphotographs from the location with a digital camera. The photographs arepreferably in JPG format but other “digital film” formats can be used.Each photograph preferably is taken in a different viewing direction,preferably viewing north, south, east, and west. The images are uploadedto the network along with geographical data (for example, latitude andlongitude) that identifies where the photographs were taken. The domainserver stores the images, the viewing direction associated with eachimage, and geographical data in a single data file on a data server. Thedomain server updates its database, associating the geographicallocation with a virtual location in the virtual universe. The virtualrepresentation is now accessible to visitors, and the photographs aredisplayed when generating the virtual reality presentation of thevirtual location.

A virtual reality network in accordance with the present inventionoffers many advantages. A number of different virtual realityrepresentations are made available to visitors through a single,centrally accessible domain server. The domain server enables visitorsto experience virtual reality representations created by differentauthors, and to tour a virtual universe created by logically organizingand connecting the separate representations.

Authors can easily add new virtual reality representations to thenetwork, enabling visitors to experience a virtual reality universe thatgrows richer and richer with time. With the simplified VR file format,persons may share with others their travels to places around the world,or may easily create their own virtual universe for business or privateuse.

Other objects and features of the present invention will become apparentas the description proceeds, especially when taken in conjunction withthe accompanying eight drawing sheets illustrating an embodiment of theinvention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a virtual reality universe realized as adistributed location network in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a virtual reality representation recordused in the network shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3A is a schematic view of a virtual reality record used in thenetwork shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3B is a schematic view of virtual reality records of a same geolocation stored by time.

FIG. 4 is a sequence diagram illustrating a visitor utilizing a clienthost communicating with the network shown in FIG. 1 to view a locationin the virtual universe;

FIG. 5 is a view of the client host display displaying a map of theuniverse and a virtual reality presentation of a location in the virtualuniverse;

FIG. 6 is a sequence diagram similar to FIG. 4 illustrating a visitormoving along a path in the virtual universe;

FIGS. 7 a and 7 b represent paths in the virtual universe extendingbetween adjacent locations in the universe;

FIGS. 8-10 illustrate other paths in the virtual universe; and

FIG. 11 represents photographs that define a simplified virtual realityrepresentation of a physical location modeled in the virtual universe.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments of the present invention comprise a system and method forenabling a visitor to access virtual reality (VR) representationsauthored by different authors of locations in a virtual universe via acomputer network. The system and method include a memory for storing aplurality of VR data sets, each VR data set defining a VR representationof a location and comprising multiple datasets of images at a samelocation at a plurality of times, each VR data set independentlyauthored by a respective author different from the other authors. Thememory also stores a VR data set from the author of the VR data set. Thesystem also includes one or more VR data servers adapted to access andtransmit the VR data sets, each VR data set associated with a VR dataserver for access to the VR data set. A domain server is also includesto adapt to access and transmit domain data that includes the locationwithin the universe of each VR representation and the network address ofthe VR data server associated with the VR representation. A client hostis adapted to communicate with the domain server to receive domain datarepresenting the network address of the VR data server associated with aselected VR representation, the client host further adapted tocommunicate with that VR data server to access the VR data set definingthe VR representation without leaving the virtual universe.

Users or visitors may use any number of different electronic computingclient devices, which can include, but is not limited to, generalpurpose computers, mobile phones, smartphones, personal digitalassistants (PDAs), portable computing devices (e.g., laptop, netbook,tablets), desktop computing devices, handheld computing device, or anyother type of computing device capable of communicating over acommunication network. Such devices are preferably configured to accessdata from other storage media, such as, but not limited to memory cardsor disk drives as may be appropriate in the case of downloaded services.Such devices preferably include standard hardware computing componentssuch as, but not limited to network and media interfaces, non-transitorycomputer-readable storage (memory), and processors for executinginstructions that may be stored in memory.

FIG. 1 illustrates a distributed location network 10 in accordance withthe present invention.

The network 10 enables a visitor to visit and explore a virtualuniverse. FIG. 1 illustrates a map 12 of the virtual universe displayedon a visitor's computer monitor by a software program or virtual realitybrowser (VR browser) 14 running on a visitor's computer 16 connected asa network client. The universe can model a real or tangible space, suchas the surface of the Earth, with the universe representing real ortangible locations in physical space. Alternatively, the universe canmodel an imaginary space, such as L. Frank Baum's Oz or a stick model ofa protein molecule, with the universe representing imaginary locationsin nonphysical space.

The network 10 is preferably a local, proprietary network (e.g., anintranet) and/or is alternatively a part of a larger wide-area network(e.g., the cloud). The network 10 can be a local area network (LAN),which is communicatively coupled to a wide area network (WAN) such asthe Internet. The Internet is a broad network of interconnectedcomputers and servers allowing for the transmission and exchange ofInternet Protocol (IP) data between users connected through a networkservice provider. Examples of network service providers are the publicswitched telephone network, a cable service provider, a provider ofdigital subscriber line (DSL) services, or a satellite service provide.

The visitor explores the universe by selecting and viewing virtualreality presentations of virtual locations or points 18 on the map 12.Each point 18 represents a location in the universe that has at leastone virtual reality representation available for a visitor to access andexperience. A point 18 can model a point, area or volume in the virtualuniverse, and a visitor may be capable of moving about the area orvolume if the virtual reality presentation enables it.

The VR browser 14 retrieves the data for the virtual realityrepresentations from virtual reality data servers (VR data servers) 20.VR data servers 20 are connected to the browser 14 by networkconnections 22. The network connections 22 may be through a Local AreaNetwork (LAN) or a global network such as the Internet. VR data servers20 may include any type of server or other computing device as is knownin the art, including standard hardware computing components such asnetwork and media interfaces, non-transitory computer-readable storage(memory), and processors for executing instructions or accessinginformation that may be stored in memory. The functionalities ofmultiple servers may be integrated into a single server. Any of theaforementioned servers (or an integrated server) may take on certainclient-side, cache, or proxy server characteristics. Thesecharacteristics may depend on the particular network placement of theserver or certain configurations of the server.

Each VR data server 20 provides access to VR data 24 for a virtualreality representation of the selected point 18. Data can be stored inconventional virtual reality file formats such as QUICKTIME, X3D, VRML,and the like, or can be stored as separate digital image files. VR data24 can be stored on the VR data server 20 or stored on additionalnetwork data servers (not shown) distributed through the network 10.

The entire network 10, including the network client 16 and the servers20 and 26, may also be hosted on a single computer if a distributednetwork is not required.

A point 18 may have a number of different virtual realityrepresentations served by a number of different VR data servers 20.These representations may be stored in different file formats, mayrepresent the point in different seasons of the year or in differenthistorical eras, or may provide an alternative or augmented userinterface or sensory experience. Of course, a particular data server 20could serve a number of virtual reality representations of a point 18 ordifferent points 18.

A domain server 26 hosts a universe database 30 for displaying the map12 and the points 18 on the map 12. The database 30 preferably includesgraphic files, image files, and other data for generating and displayingthe map 12. The universe database 30 may also include the networkaddresses or network paths to the VR files associated with the virtualreality representations.

The domain server 26 also maintains a network database 32 that storesinformation about each point 18 and the network addresses of the one ormore VR data servers 20 that provide access to VR representations of thepoint 18.

The network database 32 holds a number of virtual reality representationrecords (VRR records) 34.

Smartphone or tablet 80 has captured image 81 along with data 82 on thegeo location (time, longitude, latitude, height) and includes“crowd-cloud client side program” 83 and antenna 84.

The smartphone uses “crowd-cloud client side program” to determine ifthe image is to be sent to the system and if so, is sent throughwireless connection 75 to wireless antenna 25 of server 21. Server 21has “crowd-cloud server side program” that determines which of servers20 and 26 are connected to cloud 90 and which of servers 20 and 26 areused to store the images by geo location.

FIG. 2 illustrates a typical VRR record 34. The VRR record 34 is a datastructure that provides information enabling the VR browser 14 to locatethe VR data server 20 providing access to a specific VR representation.A VRR record 34 includes the location of the point 18 and the networkaddress of the VR data server 20 associated with the VR representationof the point 18.

The VRR record 34 preferably also includes metadata providing additionalinformation about the point 18, the associated VR data server 20, andthe virtual reality representation of the point 18. Metadata can includethe author, VR file format, or a description of the VR representation.Other metadata can include digital rights management (DRM) information,initial orientation or direction of the default opening view of thevirtual reality representation, or the like. Also, metadata can includegeo location, such as longitude and latitude and height, as well as timeof day when the image was taken.

Each VR data server 20 maintains a local database 36 that records thelocation or locations of the VR data 24 accessed through the VR dataserver 20 (see FIG. 1). The local database 36 holds a virtual realityrecord (VR record) 38 for each representation accessed through the VRdata server 20.

FIG. 3A illustrates a typical VR record 38. The VR record 38 is a datastructure that includes the location of the point 18, the location ofthe VR data 24 for the representation of the point, and metadatacontaining further information about the VR data 24. For example, suchmetadata may include the author and digital rights management (DRM)information, VR data format, or descriptive information about the VRrepresentation. Also, metadata can include geo location, such aslongitude and latitude and height, as well as time of day when the imagewas taken.

The universe database 30, the network database 32, or a local database36 can be realized as a single-file relational database, objectdatabase, or hierarchal XML database. Alternatively, a database 30, 32,36 can be realized as a number of separate data files, wherein each datarecord is stored in a respective data file. The data file can be instructured text file format, XML format, or other conventional dataformat. The selection of database schema and format is based onconventional software engineering considerations, including the networkarchitecture, the network load, and available software.

FIG. 3B shows a time continuum 39 with images 39.6 taken atsubstantially the same geo location as image 39.5 at various times 39.7.In this example, you can see images saved in the past and also seeimages saved at the same time. Each line in time continuum 39 representsany of images 39.6.

FIG. 4 illustrates a first user session wherein a visitor 39 exploresthe virtual universe point-by-point. For clarity only one visitor isshown connected to the network 10, but it should be understood that anumber of visitors can simultaneously explore the universe.

The VR browser 14 retrieves the map data 30 from the domain server 26and begins the user session by displaying the map 12 shown in FIG. 1.The map 12 displays the points 18, and the user interface of the VRbrowser 14 enables the visitor 39 to select which point 18 and therepresentation of the selected point 18 he or she would like toexperience.

It should be understood that the universe database 30 may include orenable generation of a number of different maps representing differentregions or sub-regions of the universe. The VR browser 14 maysimultaneously or sequentially display different maps during a usersession. For example, the visitor is initially presented with a “mastermap” or model of the entire universe. If the virtual universe issufficiently extensive, the user interface of the VR browser 14 enablesusers to “drill down” and select more detailed maps or models ofsub-regions (for example, maps representing a continent, a country,

a city, and then a city block) to select a desired point 18.

Map 12 should therefore be understood to represent all possible maps theVR browser 14 may display as part of its user interface. Maps may berepresentations of one-dimensional, two-dimensional, three-dimensional,or n-dimensional space as is appropriate for the virtual universe suchmaps represent.

The map 12 may also display additional information that assists thevisitor in selecting a point or a VR representation of the point. Forexample, the map might indicate points of historical interest or thenumber and types of virtual reality representations available for eachpoint.

In the illustrated embodiment, the visitor selects a desired point 18 afrom the map 12 by clicking the mouse (see FIG. 1). The browser 14determines the location of the selected point 18 a on the map andrequests a list 40 of VRR records 34 associated with that point from thedomain server 26 (see FIG. 2).

The domain server 26 queries the network database 32 for the list of VRRrecords of points at or proximate to the selected point 18 a. The domainserver 26 returns the VRR list 40 to the VR browser 14. The VR browser14 generates a list of available VR representations from the VRR list40, and displays the list for the selected point 18 a.

The display list can include information from the metadata to assist thevisitor in selecting a VR representation to experience. For example, theVR browser 14 might display an icon for each representation indicatingsome characteristic of the representation (such as season of the year,its VR file format, or quality moderation value (discussed in furtherdetail below)).

The visitor selects from the display list the desired virtual realityrepresentation to experience. If there is only one representationassociated with the selected point, the steps of displaying andselecting from the list can be eliminated.

The VR browser 14 uses the VRR record 34 associated with the selectedrepresentation to look up the network address of the VR data server 20providing access to the virtual representation. The VR browser 14requests the VR record 38 for the selected representation from the VRdata server 20. The VR browser 14 uses the returned VR record 38 tofetch the VR data file 24 and initialize a virtual reality presentationthat will be perceived and experienced by the visitor 39. For example,the VR browser 14 could start one helper application to display aQUICKTIME presentation and another helper application to display a VRMLpresentation.

In the illustrated embodiment, the VR browser 14 displays the map 12 ina first window and the virtual reality presentation in a second window(discussed in greater detail later). In other embodiments, virtualreality presentations could be displayed independently of the VR browser14 through more specialized or augmented VR hardware, such as a headset.

During the VR presentation, the VR browser 14 receives input from thevisitor and communicates with the VR data server 20 to fetch the VR data36. The visitor can change the point of view and move about thepresentation as permitted by the virtual reality representation beingexperienced. When the visitor ends the VR presentation, the windowdisplaying the VR presentation closes or goes blank. The visitor 39 canthen select a new point 18 or quit the application.

In addition to exploring selected points 18, the network 10 enables thevisitor 39 to explore paths through the universe. See, for example, path42 shown in FIG. 5. A path is defined as extending along a set of pointsor extending between start and end points in the universe. The network10 supports multiple types of paths as will be described in furtherdetail below.

A visitor sequentially experiences virtual reality presentations of thepoints 18 on the path. The VR browser 14 automatically moves fromdisplaying one VR presentation to the next in response to visitor inputindicating movement along the path. This provides the visitor with theperception of walking through or being “immersed” in the universe. Ifthe points 18 are sufficiently close together, the visitor willessentially perceive continuous or seamless movement through the virtualuniverse. Path 42 represents a pre-defined path. A pre-defined path isdefined prior to the user session and may, for example, represent avirtual river, highway, or historical trail through the universe.Pre-defined paths are preferably defined in the universe database 30 andrepresented on the map 12 for selection by the visitor 39.

FIG. 4. also shows crowd person 40, using his smartphone or smart tablet41, taking a picture (with geo location and time) and wirelessly sendingit to wireless server 43. Wireless server 43 interprets the geo locationand quarries servers to find the correct database 24. Database 24 storesdata related to this geo location. Database 24 stores that data andsends a verification back through the system letting the crowd user knowthe data was stored.

FIG. 5 illustrates the VR browser 14 with a first display window 46 anda second display window 50. Display window 46 displays the map 12 at agiven time, the path 42, and the points 18 along the path 42 as shown.The second window 50 displays the virtual reality presentation of theactive, or currently visited, point 18 b.

When displaying a virtual reality presentation of a point 18, the VRbrowser 14 preferably displays an icon 48 indicating the active point18. The illustrated icon 48 is an arrow that also indicates theapproximate direction of the current line of view of the virtual realitypresentation shown in the second window 50. Icon 48 is shown indicatingthat point 18 b is the active point and that the direction of thecurrent line of view is west.

Navigation widgets 52 associated with the first window 46 enable thevisitor to move along the path 42 or to move to a different path (suchas a second path 54). Navigation widgets 56 associated with the secondwindow 50 enable the visitor to change the line of view of the VRpresentation in the second window 50. Widgets 52 and 56 can be combinedinto a single control if desired, and alternative known interfacecontrols (including the mouse) or other interface widgets may replace orbe used with the widgets 52, 56.

FIG. 5 also shows time bar 55, with dates and times selectable by timemarker 56. Only those images available in a range of the time marker areshown on map 12. When the time is advanced, a new location can be shownsuch as picture 51 of time 2 or new location of picture 52 at time 3.Also shown for a particular location 59, are multiple images at varioustimes. In this way, the user can select time travel icon 55.5 and createa time travel display of the same location, with pictures 50, 50.1,50.99 showing images of the same location at various times. Thus, avisitor can take a time tour thru the virtual world. Also shown islocation button 50.1 where the visitor can switch back to locationjourney mode.

Also shown in FIG. 5 is private key icon 51.3. When private key icon51.3 is selected, public location 51.5 shows private overlay location51.2. In this way, the visitor, who may have been a contributor to anylocation, would have the ability to see their own private non-publiccloud selection. In this way, three modes are available for viewing,public only, private only and public/private combined.

FIG. 6 illustrates a second user session in which the visitor movesalong and explores the path 42 (the database 36 and VR data 24 areomitted from the drawing). The VR browser 14 retrieves the map and pathdata from the universe database 30 and displays the map 12 as shown inFIG. 5.

The visitor selects the desired path 42, and the VR browser 14 obtainsthe VRR record list 40 for the points 18 on the path 42 from the domainserver 26. For simplicity, it is assumed that each point 18 on the path42 has only one virtual reality representation; so each VRR record 34 isassociated with a single point 18 on the path 42.

The VR browser 14 uses the VRR record 34 associated with the path'sstarting point 18 c to look up the network address of the appropriate VRdata server 20 and retrieves the VR record 38 from that server 20. TheVR record data is used to initialize and display the virtual realitypresentation of the first, or starting point 18 c (see FIG. 5). Widgets56 control the line of view of the virtual reality presentation asdescribed.

Widgets 52 move the visitor to the next, or second point on the path 42.The VR browser 14 uses the VRR record 34 associated with the next pointto retrieve VR data for the next point. If the points 18 along the path42 are sufficiently close, the transition from point to point appears tothe visitor as a continuous movement along the path.

In moving from the virtual reality representation of one point toanother, the VR browser 14 may also maintain (as closely as possible)the same line of view to maintain the appearance of continuous movement.For example, if the visitor is looking south and moves to the nextpoint, the initial line of view for the next point is also viewingsouth. In alternative embodiments, however, the VR browser 14 caninitialize each virtual reality presentation with a pre-determined ordefault line of view.

A second type of path preferably supported by the network 10 is aconnection path. A connection path is a dynamic path generated from anactive point 18 to adjacent points 18 during the user session. FIG. 7 aillustrates the map 12 displaying connection paths 58 extending betweenan active point 18 d and adjacent points 18 e-18 i. Connection paths 58connect two adjacent or neighboring points 18, enabling the visitor topick and choose his or her own route through the universe.

The connection paths 58 typically provide multiple routes betweenpoints. For example, the visitor can move from point 18 d to point 18 hdirectly, or can move first to point 18 g and then to point 18 h. FIG. 7b illustrates the connection paths 59 when the visitor reaches point 18h. The paths 59 start from point 18 h and end at points 18 d, 18 g, and18 i.

The VRR record(s) 34 for each point 18 preferably includes a connectiondata set (see FIG. 2) that lists adjacent points 18. For example, theconnection data set for point 18 d (shown in FIG. 7 a) includes points18 e-18 i and the direction to each point. This enables the VR browser14 to display the connection paths 58 available to the visitor; the VRbrowser 14 can also iteratively retrieve the VRR records of adjacentpoints to display a network of available paths on the map 12. Theconnection data set also allows the VR browser 14 to efficiently respondand display the next virtual reality presentation after receiving avisitor request to move in a given direction from active point 18 d.

The domain server 26 generates the connection data set when a new point18 is added to the network. The adjacent points 18 are retrieved fromthe universe database 30 to generate the connection data set for the newpoint 18.

The domain server 26 also modifies the connection data set of adjacentpoints 18 as illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9. The maps 12 in FIGS. 8 and 9are otherwise identical to the map 12 in FIG. 7 a, but include alater-added point 18 _(j) or 18 k, respectively. In FIG. 8, point 18_(j) is inserted between points 18 d and 18 h. Point 18 _(j) is nowadjacent to point 18 d instead of point 18 h. The connection data setassociated with point 18 d is modified to remove point 18 h and toinsert point 18 _(j) for the connection path 58 extending between points18 d and 18 _(j). In FIG. 9, point 18 k is an additional point adjacentto point 18 d. Point 18 k is added to the data connection set associatedwith point 18 d for the connection path 58 extending between points 18 dand 18 k.

A visitor can also preferably edit the connection data set for a point18 to add or subtract connection paths extending from the point. Thevisitor can add a remote point 18 to the data set, creating a connectionpath to that remote point. A point can be removed from the data set,eliminating a connection path. The modified data set can be stored onthe visitor's machine 16 for use only by the visitor's browser 14, orthe modifications can be saved in the network database 32 to be madeavailable to all visitors.

A third type of path supported by the network 10 is the event path. Anevent path is a dynamic path generated by the network in response to anevent or visitor query. For example, the visitor 39 may request the pathfrom his or her current location to another location in the universe.The VR browser 14 queries the universe database 30 and displays thepoints 18 along the path on the map 12.

FIG. 10 illustrates an event path 60 generated by an event. The domainserver 26 maintains a list of active visitors on the network 10 and thecurrent location of each visitor in the universe. The map 12 displaysthe positions of all the users 39 and the path to each user. For clarityonly two active visitors 39 a, 39 b and one path 60 between them areshown in FIG. 10. Paths 60 are automatically updated as visitors moveabout in the universe and as visitors join and leave the network.

A fourth type of path supported by the network is the visitor-definedpath. Path 54 (see FIG. 5) represents a visitor-defined path. Thevisitor defines the end points and the points 18 of the path 54. Thepath can be created, for example, by inputting a list of the points 18defining the path or by having the VR browser 14 maintain and store ahistory of the points 18 visited by the visitor in prior visits.

The definition of the visitor-defined path 54 may be stored on thevisitor's machine 16 for use only by the visitor 39. Alternatively, thepath definition is stored in the universe database 30 and made availableto all network visitors. As described above, the domain server 26provides a single point of access for the VR browser 14 to initiate auser session and display a map of available points 18 in the universe.This enables new points 18 to be added to the universe and new virtualreality representations of new or existing points 18 to be madeavailable to all VR browsers 14 on the network 10 by updating the domainserver databases 30 and 32.

An author creating a virtual reality representation for a new orexisting point 18 stores the data on his or her own VR data server 20and then connects the VR data server to the network 10. The authorremotely invokes an administrative program on the domain server 26 thatadds the location to the universe database 30 and adds a new VRR record34 to the network database 32. The new VRR record 34 includes thelocation of the new point 18 and the network address of the associatedVR data server 20. The VR browser 14 automatically generates anup-to-date map 12 when it retrieves the map data from the universedatabase 30.

If desired, the client machine 16 can cache VR data 34 as well asrecords from the databases 30, 32, and 36 for improved performance. TheVR browser 14 uses the local data cache to display the map and toretrieve VR data from the network 10. However, the data cache should berefreshed regularly or at the visitor's command to prevent stale data.Alternatively, the database records can include a “Time to Live” fieldfor automatic updating of the data caches.

To facilitate creation of VR representations of points 18, the universeis preferably divided into a public region and a private region. Authorsare free to add virtual reality representations of any point in thepublic region. Only authorized authors can add virtual representationsof private regions.

To illustrate the concept of public and private regions in more concreteterms, the map 12 is a virtual representation of the Gettysburg NationalMilitary Park 62 and the adjacent borough of Gettysburg, Pa. 64. SeeFIG. 1; the borough of Gettysburg is represented schematically as acircular area. The Military Park 62 is a public region of the universeand the borough of Gettysburg 64 is a private region of the universe.

Tourists or Civil War buffs can author a virtual reality representationfor a new point 18 in the Military Park 62 or author an additionalvirtual reality representation for an existing point 18. The author canprovide visitor access to the representation through a publicly orprivately available VR data server 20. The author updates the domainserver databases 30, 32 through the administrative software aspreviously described and updates the local database 36 and stores the VRdata 24 on the data server 20. The new point and its representation arenow available to all visitors.

Over time, the number of points in the universe having virtual realityrepresentations increases and the number of representations for a givenpoint increases. This enables users to select points and viewpresentations that provide them with a rich and varied virtual visit tothe virtual Military Park 62.

To further encourage the creation and selection of high-quality virtualpresentations, each representation of a public point 18 is preferablyassigned a quality moderation value. A quality moderation valuerepresents the quality of the representation and assists visitors inselecting which representations to view. The quality moderation value ispreferably stored in the representation's VRR record 34 (see FIG. 2) andis displayed on the map 12.

For example, a representation can be assigned a quality moderation valuebetween 0 and 10, where 0 represents a low quality representation and 10represents a high quality representation. A visitor can rate the qualityof the representation after experiencing the virtual realitypresentation. A running average of visitors' ratings is stored as therepresentation's quality moderation value. This mechanism enables thenetwork 10 to be self-moderating in that representations whose qualityfalls below a minimum value can be automatically removed from thenetwork or not listed for selection.

Virtual reality representations of points within Gettysburg borough 64,however, are limited to authorized authors. Examples of such authors mayinclude owners of commercial establishments who wish to control thecontent of the virtual reality representation of their store orbusiness. A private representation may be hosted on a VR data server 20whose access is controlled by the author and may or may not be assigneda quality moderation value.

Virtual reality representations of public points are preferably createdin a simple, standardized format to encourage those without technical orcomputer expertise to contribute virtual reality representations to thenetwork 10.

FIG. 11 illustrates a preferred, simplified virtual reality format. Fourimages 66 are taken with a digital camera from a point, each photographhaving a line of view facing north, south, east, and west, respectively.The administrative program uploads the four image files and presents anon-line form requesting the location of the point and associatedmetadata. The administrative program stores the image files as VR data24 on a VR data server 20, updates the universe database 30, adds theappropriate VRR record to the network database 32, and adds theappropriate VR record to the local database 36.

Because the illustrated public region 62 represents an area of theEarth, the latitude and longitude of the corresponding physical locationof an actual point on the Earth's surface provides a convenient way ofidentifying the location of a point 18 on the map 12. The administrativeprogram requests the latitude and longitude of the point, which can beobtained, for example, by a GPS reading when the digital photographs aretaken.

It is understood that other kinds of metadata, data fields, data keys,or data formats can be used for or stored in the databases 30, 32, and36 and that other VR data 24 can be stored in other file formats. Thedata can be distributed on other servers on the network 10. But the VRbrowser 14 preferably accesses the network 10 initially through thesingle domain server 26 regardless of how the data itself is distributedthroughout the network 10.

It is contemplated that embodiments of the virtual reality network 10will be customized for particular industries or visitors. For example, areal estate network would host virtual reality representations of housesavailable for sale. The seller's real estate agent takes photographs ofeach room in a house and uploads them to the real estate network, alongwith the floor plan and other metadata. A buyer's real estate agentselects the house to visit, and the VR browser displays the floor planand the paths through the house. The visitor moves along the paths inthe house, in effect taking a virtual reality tour through each room inthe house.

The present invention may be implemented in an application that may beoperable using a variety of devices. Non-transitory computer-readablestorage media refer to any medium or media that participate in providinginstructions to a central processing unit (CPU) for execution. Suchmedia can take many forms, including, but not limited to, non-volatileand volatile media such as optical or magnetic disks and dynamic memory,respectively. Common forms of non-transitory computer-readable mediainclude, for example, a floppy disk, a flexible disk, a hard disk,magnetic tape, any other magnetic medium, a CD-ROM disk, digital videodisk (DVD), any other optical medium, RAM, PROM, EPROM, a FLASHEPROM,and any other memory chip or cartridge.

Various forms of transmission media may be involved in carrying one ormore sequences of one or more instructions to a CPU for execution. A buscarries the data to system RAM, from which a CPU retrieves and executesthe instructions. The instructions received by system RAM can optionallybe stored on a fixed disk either before or after execution by a CPU.Various forms of storage may likewise be implemented as well as thenecessary network interfaces and network topologies to implement thesame.

While we have illustrated and described preferred embodiments of ourinvention, it is understood that this is capable of modification, and wetherefore do not wish to be limited to the precise details set forth,but desire to avail ourselves of such changes and alterations as fallwithin the purview of the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system for enabling a visitor to access virtualreality (VR) representations authored by different authors of locationsin a virtual universe via a computer network, the system comprising:memory for storing a plurality of VR data sets, each VR data setdefining a VR representation of a location and comprising multipledatasets of images at a same location at a plurality of times, each VRdata set independently authored by a respective author different fromthe other authors; one or more VR data servers adapted to access andtransmit the VR data sets, each VR data set associated with a VR dataserver for access to the VR data set; a domain server adapted to accessand transmit domain data comprising the location within the universe ofeach VR representation and the network address of the VR data serverassociated with the VR representation; and a client host adapted tocommunicate with the domain server to receive domain data representingthe network address of the VR data server associated with a selected VRrepresentation, the client host further adapted to communicate with thatVR data server to access the VR data set defining the VR representationwithout leaving the virtual universe.
 2. The system of claim 1, whereineach of the one or more data servers stores a database of multipledatasets of images at the same location at various times.
 3. The systemof claim 1, wherein at least one of the VR data sets comprise first datarepresenting a plurality of photographs taken from a geographicallocation and comprise multiple datasets of images at the same locationat various times, each photograph taken in a respective viewingdirection, and second data representing the viewing direction of eachphotograph.
 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the client host generatesa virtual reality presentation utilizing the accessed VR data set andcomprises a specific time or a range of times.
 5. The system of claim 1,wherein the domain data in the domain server is automatically updated inthe cloud with the data server and the location in the virtual realityuniverse associated with the VR data set stored by time.
 6. The systemof claim 1, wherein at least one of the VR data sets comprise datarepresenting a photograph taken from a geographical location at aspecific time.
 7. The system of claim 1, wherein a crowd member canautomatically create and store a VR dataset by geo location and by time.8. A method for enabling a visitor utilizing a computer to visit aselected location within a virtual reality universe using virtualreality data authored by different authors and a possibility of havingmultiple datasets of images at the same location at various times, themethod comprising: providing a plurality of data servers and a domainserver interconnected with the data servers, the data servers providingaccess to sets of VR data of virtual representations of locations withinthe universe, each set of VR data comprising multiple datasets of imagesat a same location at a plurality of times each set of VR data authoredby a respective different author independently of the other authors, thedomain server providing access to domain data for selecting the locationto visit and the network address of the data server providing access tothe VR data for the selected location; receiving data from the visitorrepresenting a selected location in the universe; accessing the domaindata in response to the received data and obtaining therefrom thenetwork address of the data server that provides access to the VR datafor the selected location; and transferring the VR data for the selectedlocation from the data server to the visitor's computer for generationof a VR presentation of the selected location without leaving thevirtual universe.
 9. A virtual reality viewing system for viewingvirtual locations in a virtual universe accessed through a computernetwork, the viewing system comprising: memory for storing a pluralityof data sets comprising multiple datasets of images at the same locationat various times, each data set representing a location in a virtualuniverse, each data set independently authored by a respective authordifferent from the other authors; and data representing a map of thelocations in the virtual universe represented by the plurality of datasets; a display for displaying an image of a map from the map data; aninterface for: receiving visitor input for selecting a locationdisplayed on the map represented by one of the plurality of data sets;transmitting the one data set representing the selected location throughthe network; receiving data representing the network address of anetwork data server providing access to the one data set; andcommunicating with the network data server to receive the one data set;and a processor for executing instructions stored in memory, whereinexecution of the instructions by the processor generates a virtualreality presentation from the one data set without leaving the virtualuniverse.
 10. The viewing system of claim 9, wherein the display furtherdisplays a private mode, a public mode or a private/public mode.
 11. Theviewing system of claim 9, wherein the display further displays the mapat a specific time.
 12. The viewing system of claim 9, wherein thedisplay further display the map at various times in a time travelermode.
 13. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium havingembodied thereon a program executable by a processor to perform a methodfor enabling a visitor utilizing a computer to visit a selected locationwithin a virtual reality universe using virtual reality data authored bydifferent authors and a possibility of having multiple datasets ofimages at the same location at various times, the method comprising:providing a plurality of data servers and a domain server interconnectedwith the data servers, the data servers providing access to sets of VRdata of virtual representations of locations within the universe, eachset of VR data comprising multiple datasets of images at a same locationat a plurality of times each set of VR data authored by a respectivedifferent author independently of the other authors, the domain serverproviding access to domain data for selecting the location to visit andthe network address of the data server providing access to the VR datafor the selected location; receiving data from the visitor representinga selected location in the universe; accessing the domain data inresponse to the received data and obtaining therefrom the networkaddress of the data server that provides access to the VR data for theselected location; and transferring the VR data for the selectedlocation from the data server to the visitor's computer for generationof a VR presentation of the selected location without leaving thevirtual universe.